Concepts of Programming Languages - Chapter 2

Review Question

7. John Backus

8. John Mauchly

10. The Independent compilation of subroutines

12. Fortran IV

13. Fortran 77

17. Scheme

23. 1959

27. It was easy for beginners to learn, especially those who were not science oriented, and its smaller dialects can be implemented on computers with very small memories.

30. Class construct

33. ALGOL-W

34. For, switch

37. Facts, rules

44. Smalltalk

45. Traditional Object-oriented programming

52. Params

65. XML data document and XSLT document

68. Servlet

Problem Set

1. Explicit type declarations for variables, logical if construct, capability of passing subprograms as parameters to other subprograms

2. Short code was one of the successful stored program electronic computers, transferred to UNIVAC I computer, consist of coded versions of mathematical expressions that were to be evaluated. Short code wasn’t translated to machine code, it was implemented with a pure interpreter. It simplified the programming process, but at the expense of execution time. Because of that hand calculator is 50 times faster than short code

9. The purpose is to make easier for declaring a variable

10. Introducing concept of block structure, pass by value and pass by name to subprograms were allowed, procedures were allowed to be recursive, stack-dynamic arrays were allowed

13. C is well suited for a wide variety of applications

15. Yes, there are like VB, SQL

24. Because nowadays network users are increase day by day, because of that reason people want to make scripting languages for helping web programmer to handle that case1

25. Java servlet is server-side Java program modules that process and answer client requests and implement the servlet interface